[v5 06/20] x86/insn-eval: Add utility functions to get segment selector

[Ricardo Neri]

When computing a linear address and segmentation is used, we need to know
the base address of the segment involved in the computation. In most of
the cases, the segment base address will be zero as in USER_DS/USER32_DS.
However, it may be possible that a user space program defines its own
segments via a local descriptor table. In such a case, the segment base
address may not be zero .Thus, the segment base address is needed to
calculate correctly the linear address.

The segment selector to be used when computing a linear address is
determined by either any of segment select override prefixes in the
instruction or inferred from the registers involved in the computation of
the effective address; in that order. Also, there are cases when the
overrides shall be ignored.

For clarity, this process can be split into two steps: resolving the
relevant segment and, once known, read the applicable segment selector.
The method to obtain the segment selector depends on several factors. In
32-bit builds, segment selectors are saved into the pt_regs structure
when switching to kernel mode. The same is also true for virtual-8086
mode. In 64-bit builds, segmentation is mostly ignored, except when
running a program in 32-bit legacy mode. In this case, CS and SS can be
obtained from pt_regs. DS, ES, FS and GS can be read directly from
registers. Lastly, segmentation is possible in 64-bit mode via FS and GS.
In these two cases, base addresses are obtained from the relevant MSRs.

Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen at linux.intel.com>
Cc: Adam Buchbinder <adam.buchbinder at gmail.com>
Cc: Colin Ian King <colin.king at canonical.com>
Cc: Lorenzo Stoakes <lstoakes at gmail.com>
Cc: Qiaowei Ren <qiaowei.ren at intel.com>
Cc: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme at redhat.com>
Cc: Masami Hiramatsu <mhiramat at kernel.org>
Cc: Adrian Hunter <adrian.hunter at intel.com>
Cc: Kees Cook <keescook at chromium.org>
Cc: Thomas Garnier <thgarnie at google.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz at infradead.org>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp at suse.de>
Cc: Dmitry Vyukov <dvyukov at google.com>
Cc: Ravi V. Shankar <ravi.v.shankar at intel.com>
Cc: x86 at kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Ricardo Neri <ricardo.neri-calderon at linux.intel.com>
---
 arch/x86/lib/insn-eval.c | 195 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 1 file changed, 195 insertions(+)

diff --git a/arch/x86/lib/insn-eval.c b/arch/x86/lib/insn-eval.c
index 78df1c9..8d45df8 100644
--- a/arch/x86/lib/insn-eval.c
+++ b/arch/x86/lib/insn-eval.c
@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@
 #include <asm/inat.h>
 #include <asm/insn.h>
 #include <asm/insn-eval.h>
+#include <asm/vm86.h>
 
 enum reg_type {
 	REG_TYPE_RM = 0,
@@ -15,6 +16,200 @@ enum reg_type {
 	REG_TYPE_BASE,
 };
 
+enum segment {
+	SEG_CS = 0x23,
+	SEG_SS = 0x36,
+	SEG_DS = 0x3e,
+	SEG_ES = 0x26,
+	SEG_FS = 0x64,
+	SEG_GS = 0x65
+};
+
+/**
+ * resolve_seg_selector() - obtain segment selector
+ * @regs:	Set of registers containing the segment selector
+ * @insn:	Instruction structure with selector override prefixes
+ * @regoff:	Operand offset, in pt_regs, of which the selector is needed
+ * @default:	Resolve default segment selector (i.e., ignore overrides)
+ *
+ * The segment selector to which an effective address refers depends on
+ * a) segment selector overrides instruction prefixes or b) the operand
+ * register indicated in the ModRM or SiB byte.
+ *
+ * For case a), the function inspects any prefixes in the insn instruction;
+ * insn can be null to indicate that selector override prefixes shall be
+ * ignored. This is useful when the use of prefixes is forbidden (e.g.,
+ * obtaining the code selector). For case b), the operand register shall be
+ * represented as the offset from the base address of pt_regs. Also, regoff
+ * can be -EINVAL for cases in which registers are not used as operands (e.g.,
+ * when the mod and r/m parts of the ModRM byte are 0 and 5, respectively).
+ *
+ * This function returns the segment selector to utilize as per the conditions
+ * described above. Please note that this functin does not return the value
+ * of the segment selector. The value of the segment selector needs to be
+ * obtained using get_segment_selector and passing the segment selector type
+ * resolved by this function.
+ *
+ * Return: Segment selector to use, among CS, SS, DS, ES, FS or GS.
+ */
+static int resolve_seg_selector(struct insn *insn, int regoff, bool get_default)
+{
+	int i;
+
+	if (!insn)
+		return -EINVAL;
+
+	if (get_default)
+		goto default_seg;
+	/*
+	 * Check first if we have selector overrides. Having more than
+	 * one selector override leads to undefined behavior. We
+	 * only use the first one and return
+	 */
+	for (i = 0; i < insn->prefixes.nbytes; i++) {
+		switch (insn->prefixes.bytes[i]) {
+		case SEG_CS:
+			return SEG_CS;
+		case SEG_SS:
+			return SEG_SS;
+		case SEG_DS:
+			return SEG_DS;
+		case SEG_ES:
+			return SEG_ES;
+		case SEG_FS:
+			return SEG_FS;
+		case SEG_GS:
+			return SEG_GS;
+		default:
+			return -EINVAL;
+		}
+	}
+
+default_seg:
+	/*
+	 * If no overrides, use default selectors as described in the
+	 * Intel documentation: SS for ESP or EBP. DS for all data references,
+	 * except when relative to stack or string destination.
+	 * Also, AX, CX and DX are not valid register operands in 16-bit
+	 * address encodings.
+	 * Callers must interpret the result correctly according to the type
+	 * of instructions (e.g., use ES for string instructions).
+	 * Also, some values of modrm and sib might seem to indicate the use
+	 * of EBP and ESP (e.g., modrm_mod = 0, modrm_rm = 5) but actually
+	 * they refer to cases in which only a displacement used. These cases
+	 * should be indentified by the caller and not with this function.
+	 */
+	switch (regoff) {
+	case offsetof(struct pt_regs, ax):
+		/* fall through */
+	case offsetof(struct pt_regs, cx):
+		/* fall through */
+	case offsetof(struct pt_regs, dx):
+		if (insn && insn->addr_bytes == 2)
+			return -EINVAL;
+	case -EDOM: /* no register involved in address computation */
+	case offsetof(struct pt_regs, bx):
+		/* fall through */
+	case offsetof(struct pt_regs, di):
+		/* fall through */
+	case offsetof(struct pt_regs, si):
+		return SEG_DS;
+	case offsetof(struct pt_regs, bp):
+		/* fall through */
+	case offsetof(struct pt_regs, sp):
+		return SEG_SS;
+	case offsetof(struct pt_regs, ip):
+		return SEG_CS;
+	default:
+		return -EINVAL;
+	}
+}
+
+/**
+ * get_segment_selector() - obtain segment selector
+ * @regs:	Set of registers containing the segment selector
+ * @seg_type:	Type of segment selector to obtain
+ * @regoff:	Operand offset, in pt_regs, of which the selector is needed
+ *
+ * Obtain the segment selector for any of CS, SS, DS, ES, FS, GS. In
+ * CONFIG_X86_32, the segment is obtained from either pt_regs or
+ * kernel_vm86_regs as applicable. In CONFIG_X86_64, CS and SS are obtained
+ * from pt_regs. DS, ES, FS and GS are obtained by reading the ds and es, fs
+ * and gs, respectively.
+ *
+ * Return: Value of the segment selector
+ */
+static unsigned short get_segment_selector(struct pt_regs *regs,
+					   enum segment seg_type)
+{
+#ifdef CONFIG_X86_64
+	unsigned short seg_sel;
+
+	switch (seg_type) {
+	case SEG_CS:
+		return (unsigned short)(regs->cs & 0xffff);
+	case SEG_SS:
+		return (unsigned short)(regs->ss & 0xffff);
+	case SEG_DS:
+		savesegment(ds, seg_sel);
+		return seg_sel;
+	case SEG_ES:
+		savesegment(es, seg_sel);
+		return seg_sel;
+	case SEG_FS:
+		savesegment(fs, seg_sel);
+		return seg_sel;
+	case SEG_GS:
+		savesegment(gs, seg_sel);
+		return seg_sel;
+	default:
+		return -1;
+	}
+#else /* CONFIG_X86_32 */
+	struct kernel_vm86_regs *vm86regs = (struct kernel_vm86_regs *)regs;
+
+	if (v8086_mode(regs)) {
+		switch (seg_type) {
+		case SEG_CS:
+			return (unsigned short)(regs->cs & 0xffff);
+		case SEG_SS:
+			return (unsigned short)(regs->ss & 0xffff);
+		case SEG_DS:
+			return vm86regs->ds;
+		case SEG_ES:
+			return vm86regs->es;
+		case SEG_FS:
+			return vm86regs->fs;
+		case SEG_GS:
+			return vm86regs->gs;
+		default:
+			return -1;
+		}
+	}
+
+	switch (seg_type) {
+	case SEG_CS:
+		return (unsigned short)(regs->cs & 0xffff);
+	case SEG_SS:
+		return (unsigned short)(regs->ss & 0xffff);
+	case SEG_DS:
+		return (unsigned short)(regs->ds & 0xffff);
+	case SEG_ES:
+		return (unsigned short)(regs->es & 0xffff);
+	case SEG_FS:
+		return (unsigned short)(regs->fs & 0xffff);
+	case SEG_GS:
+		/*
+		 * GS may or may not be in regs as per CONFIG_X86_32_LAZY_GS.
+		 * The macro below takes care of both cases.
+		 */
+		return get_user_gs(regs);
+	default:
+		return -1;
+	}
+#endif /* CONFIG_X86_64 */
+}
+
 static int get_reg_offset(struct insn *insn, struct pt_regs *regs,
 			  enum reg_type type)
 {
-- 
2.9.3